Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
Published on: August 14, 2019
Late secondary urological reconstruction of separated ischiopagus twins with exstrophic bladder and urinary
Antonio Macedo1,2, Marcela Leal da Cruz1
1Centro de Apoio à Criança com Anomalia Urológica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
We report a case of secondary urinary reconstruction of previously separated conjoined twins with exstrophic bladder and urinary incontinence. Patients were male and aged 13-year-old. Twin one had a history of failed enterocystoplasty that extruded and was visible like an exstrophic neobladder. He underwent a procedure to close bladder neck and reconfigure abdominal wall. After the procedure the patient developed a fistula that was treated, but it persisted and, for this reason, a catheterizable pouch was constructed and native bladder was discarded. Twin two required the immediately construction of catheterizable pouch using the Macedo's technique. Currently, both patients are continent at 4 hour intervals. The mean follow-up was 8 months. Modern continent urinary diversion techniques offer new perspectives and hope for such complex population.
Related Concept Videos
Urinary Bladder
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Secondary Active Transport
Secondary Active Transport
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination
Secondary Healthcare System
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

