Mechanical Behavior of Different Micro Conical Abutments in Fixed Prosthesis
The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
|November 15, 2018
Summary
One-piece micro conical abutments show less vertical misfit and maintain preload after cyclic loading compared to two-piece designs. This suggests favorable biomechanical behavior for one-piece abutments in dental implant applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Mechanical Engineering
Background:
- Micro conical abutments are crucial components in dental implant prosthetics.
- Evaluating the biomechanical behavior of different abutment designs is essential for long-term implant success.
- Two-piece and one-piece abutments offer distinct design characteristics that may influence performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the biomechanical behavior of one-piece versus two-piece micro conical abutments.
- To assess vertical misfit, preload retention, and stress distribution under cyclic loading.
- To determine the influence of abutment type on the stability and performance of dental prostheses.
Main Methods:
- Four groups were established based on prosthetic connection (internal/external hexagon) and abutment type (one-piece/two-piece).
- Vertical misfit was measured using a stereomicroscope.
- Removal torque, preload retention, and torque loss after fatigue cycling (200 N, 2 Hz, 2x10^6 cycles) were assessed.
- Finite element analysis was employed for stress verification.
Main Results:
- One-piece abutments exhibited significantly less vertical misfit (4.70 ± 0.26 μm) compared to two-piece abutments (16.8 ± 0.32 μm).
- No significant difference in abutment screw preload was found between one-piece and two-piece abutments.
- While two-piece abutments initially showed higher prosthetic screw preload, no statistical difference was observed after fatigue cycling.
- Finite element analysis revealed no significant differences in stress or strain concentration for abutments, screws, or bone.
Conclusions:
- One-piece micro conical abutments demonstrate superior performance by maintaining preload and exhibiting reduced vertical misfit.
- The use of one-piece abutments does not compromise biomechanical integrity, indicating acceptable stress and strain distribution.
- One-piece abutments present a favorable alternative to two-piece designs for dental implant applications, enhancing prosthetic stability.
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