Bite Force Evaluation in Complete Denture Wearer with Different Denture Base Materials: A Randomized Controlled...

Area of Science:

• Dental Materials Science
• Prosthodontics
• Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

• Diminished maximum bite force (MBF) is a common issue in completely edentulous patients, impacting masticatory function and quality of life.
• Conventional heat-cured acrylic dentures are widely used, but their efficacy in restoring adequate bite force is often limited.
• Advancements in denture base materials offer potential solutions for improving oral rehabilitation outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the maximum bite force (MBF) of completely edentulous patients using conventional heat-cured acrylic dentures versus thermoplastic dentures.
• To evaluate the changes in MBF over a six-month period after new denture placement.
• To determine if thermoplastic denture base materials can enhance chewing efficiency in edentulous individuals.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 100 completely edentulous patients divided into two groups: conventional acrylic denture (control) and thermoplastic denture (experimental).
• Maximum bite force (MBF) was measured at the time of new denture insertion and after six months of use.
• Statistical analysis using an independent t-test was performed to compare MBF between the groups.

Main Results:

• No significant difference in MBF was observed between the conventional acrylic and thermoplastic denture groups at the time of initial placement.
• A significant increase in MBF was recorded in both groups after six months of denture use compared to baseline.
• Patients with thermoplastic dentures demonstrated considerably higher MBF values than those with conventional acrylic dentures after six months, with statistical significance.

Conclusions:

• Thermoplastic dentures result in significantly higher maximum bite force (MBF) compared to conventional acrylic dentures after six months of use in completely edentulous patients.
• The use of thermoplastic dentures can be considered a beneficial treatment option for improving masticatory function and addressing diminished bite force in the elderly.
• Material selection for complete dentures plays a crucial role in optimizing functional outcomes and patient satisfaction.