Basophil Activation Test: Old and New Applications in Allergy

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Allergy Research
• Flow Cytometry

Background:

• Traditional allergy diagnostics rely on mediator release, which is being replaced by more advanced methods.
• Basophil degranulation is a key indicator of allergic reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in the basophil activation test (BAT) for allergy diagnosis and research.
• To highlight the clinical applications and immune mechanism exploration capabilities of BAT.
• To discuss technological progress in BAT for allergy management.

Main Methods:

• Flow cytometry-based basophil activation test (BAT) is the primary method discussed.
• Review of in vitro surrogate of in vivo allergic reactions.
• Exploration of immune mechanisms by manipulating IgE, IgG, and intracellular signaling.

Main Results:

• BAT supports diagnosis of food, drug, respiratory, and insect venom allergies.
• BAT assesses treatment response in allergen-specific immunotherapy and immunomodulatory therapies.
• BAT aids in understanding allergy and tolerance mechanisms at the basophil level.

Conclusions:

• The basophil activation test (BAT) has become a crucial diagnostic and research tool in allergy.
• Ongoing technological advancements continue to enhance the utility of BAT in clinical and laboratory settings.
• BAT provides valuable insights into immune responses to allergens and treatment efficacy.