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Key somatic variables in young backstroke swimmers.

Senda Sammoud1,2, Alan Michael Nevill3, Yassine Negra1,2

  • 1a Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sport Performance, Health & Society», Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd , University of "La Manouba" , La Manouba , Tunisia.

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|November 16, 2018
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Summary

Optimal body size and limb measurements, including sitting height and forearm girth, are key predictors for young swimmers' 100-m backstroke speed. These somatic characteristics aid coaches in talent identification and stroke selection for improved performance.

Keywords:
Allometric modelsanthropometric measuresbackstroke swimminggendertalent identification

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Kinetics

Background:

  • Understanding the anthropometric factors influencing swimming performance is crucial for talent identification and training.
  • Previous research has explored body size and composition in relation to swimming speed, but optimal limb-segment ratios require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal body size, limb-segment length, girth, and breadth ratios for 100-m backstroke mean speed in young swimmers.
  • To identify key somatic predictors associated with enhanced backstroke performance.

Main Methods:

  • A multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model was employed with backward elimination.
  • Sixty-three young swimmers (30 boys, 33 girls) aged 13-14 years participated.
  • Somatic measurements including biological age, sitting height, leg length, and limb girths were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Biological age, sitting height, leg length, forearm girth, and arm relaxed girth were identified as significant predictors of 100-m backstroke speed.
  • Stature and body mass were not significant predictors, indicating limb-specific advantages rather than a general whole-body effect.
  • Multiplicative allometric models were essential for deriving optimal limb-specific ratios.

Conclusions:

  • Specific somatic characteristics, particularly limb-related measurements, are critical for optimizing 100-m backstroke performance in young swimmers.
  • These findings can assist coaches in talent identification and guiding swimmers toward their most suitable strokes.
  • The study emphasizes the importance of detailed anthropometric analysis beyond simple body mass and stature.