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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

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Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
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Convenience Sampling Method00:55

Convenience Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
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Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

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A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
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Systematic Sampling Method01:17

Systematic Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
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Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
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Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

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Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
10:27

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 21, 2022

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A method to directly assay circRNA in real samples.

Jin Jiao1, Tao Gao, Hai Shi

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. xiangy@nju.edu.cn genxili@nju.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|November 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel method for detecting circular RNA (circRNA) by leveraging its microRNA (miRNA) sponge activity. The assay achieves high sensitivity in real samples through signal amplification strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in gene expression.
  • Understanding circRNA function requires sensitive and accurate detection methods.
  • The 'microRNA (miRNA) sponge' activity of circRNAs presents a unique target for assay development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a direct and sensitive assay for circular RNA (circRNA) detection.
  • To utilize the inherent properties of circRNAs, such as miRNA sponge activity, for assay design.
  • To enhance signal amplification for sensitive detection in biological samples.

Main Methods:

  • Exploiting the microRNA (miRNA) sponge nature of circRNAs.
  • Employing duplex-specific nuclease activity for targeted detection.
  • Incorporating miRNA absorption site-mediated hairpin DNA unfolding for signal generation.
  • Utilizing nuclease-assisted target recycling to amplify the readout signal.

Main Results:

  • A novel method for the direct assay of circular RNA (circRNA) was successfully developed.
  • The assay demonstrated high sensitivity, enabling detection in real biological samples.
  • Signal amplification strategies, including hairpin DNA unfolding and target recycling, proved effective.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a sensitive and direct approach for circRNA quantification.
  • This technique holds potential for studying circRNA functions and their roles in various biological processes.
  • The assay's sensitivity and reliance on intrinsic circRNA properties make it valuable for molecular diagnostics.