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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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[Cardiac complications of sickle cell disease in children]

I Astadicko1, M F Dresse1, M C Seghaye1

  • 1Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Liège, Belgique.

Revue Medicale De Liege
|November 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Sickle cell disease (SCD) can cause serious heart problems, including cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension, particularly in children. Early diagnosis and management are key to improving patient care and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cardiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder affecting hemoglobin.
  • Key manifestations include hemolysis, infections, and vaso-occlusive crises leading to organ damage.
  • Cardiac complications significantly contribute to SCD morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of cardiac complications in SCD.
  • To highlight diagnostic tools for early recognition of cardiac issues in SCD patients.
  • To improve patient care strategies for SCD-related cardiac conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathophysiological aspects.
  • Analysis of diagnostic tools for cardiac complications in SCD.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on SCD cardiac manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac issues in SCD arise from chronic anemia, vaso-occlusion, iron overload, and organ damage.
  • In children, dilated or restrictive cardiomyopathy and pulmonary arterial hypertension are primary concerns.
  • While acute events are rare, chronic cardiac damage impacts long-term health.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac complications are a critical, often under-recognized, aspect of SCD.
  • Early identification through appropriate diagnostics is essential for effective management.
  • Understanding pathophysiology aids in developing better care protocols for SCD patients.

Keywords:
Cardiac complicationsChildrenSickle cell disease

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