ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nodaviridae

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Molecular Biology
• Taxonomy

Background:

• The Nodaviridae family includes two genera: Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus.
• Nodamura virus, the family namesake, was first isolated from mosquitoes in Nodamura, Japan.
• Nodaviruses are non-enveloped, spherical viruses with icosahedral symmetry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on Nodaviridae taxonomy.
• To provide an overview of the classification, structure, and hosts of Nodaviridae.
• To establish a clear taxonomic framework for the Nodaviridae family.

Main Methods:

• Review and summarization of the official ICTV report on Nodaviridae.
• Analysis of viral structure, including virion size, symmetry, and capsid composition.
• Description of the viral genome, consisting of two single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecules (RNA1 and RNA2).

Main Results:

• Nodaviridae are classified into Alphanodavirus (insect pathogens) and Betanodavirus (fish pathogens).
• Virions measure 25–33 nm in diameter with T=3 icosahedral symmetry.
• The capsid is composed of 180 protein subunits arranged on a T=3 surface lattice.

Conclusions:

• The Nodaviridae family exhibits distinct host specificities between its two genera.
• The structural and genomic characteristics define the Nodaviridae family.
• This summary provides a foundational understanding of Nodaviridae taxonomy as per ICTV.