Development of a Smart Home-Based Package for Unobtrusive Physiological Monitoring

Home-based programs have been shown to be effective in improving health conditions, patient self-management, quality of life, and health outcomes. However, there is mixedevidence on the effectiveness of these programs due to limitations in the intervention tools that are used, primarily the burden that is placed on the user, especially among seniors. In this paper we developed a novel home-based package that measures critically important physiological information such that neither active compliance or interaction from the user is required. To this end, we embedded passive sensors (including load cells, electrodes, pulse sensor and color sensors) into common household items such as tiling, furniture and wall. The smart package measures subject's electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), ballistocardiogram (BCG), electromyogram (EMG) and imaging photoplethysmogram (IPPG). In contrast to the previous studies, the proposed package measures all the physiological information unobtrusively, simultaneously and in a synchronized manner such that all the data samples corresponding to different intervals of a specific cardiovascular cycle can be identified. Such information can be analyzed by a clinician or be used for a higher level information extraction such as beat-to-beat blood pressure estimation. In addition, the proposed package is the first and only homebased technology that can simultaneously and unobtrusively capture both mechanical and electrical characteristics of user's heart activities. This results in a more accurate home-based vital parameters monitoring.