Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Part Two: The role of constitutional factors, diet, and infectious disease in the etiology of porotic hyperostosis and periosteal reactions in prehistoric infants and children.

Medical anthropology·2012
Same author

Plasmin and Articular Cartilage.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2011
Same author

Osteopenia and stable isotope ratios in bone collagen of Nubian female mummies.

American journal of physical anthropology·1997
Same author

Comment on "Hypoplastic area method for analyzing enamel hypoplasia" B.E.Ensor and J.D. Irish, American Journal of Physical Anthropology (1995) 98:507-517.

American journal of physical anthropology·1997
Same author

Racism and physical anthropology: Brues's review of Barkan's The retreat of scientific racism.

American journal of physical anthropology·1994
Same author

Diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections in mummies using the rapid manual ParaSight-F test.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·1994

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
07:11

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Hyperostosis frontalis interna: a Nubian case.

G J Armelagos1, O D Chrisman

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study presents the earliest evidence of hyperostosis frontalis interna, a condition associated with Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome, found in ancient Nubian remains. This finding indicates the disease existed in antiquity, not just modern times.

More Related Videos

Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
06:32

Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction

Published on: December 5, 2025

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
07:11

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
06:32

Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction

Published on: December 5, 2025

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Paleopathology
  • Archaeological Anthropology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a condition characterized by thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone.
  • Morgagni-Stewart-Morel (MSM) syndrome is a complex disorder associated with HFI, obesity, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
  • Endocrinological studies link HFI to hormonal imbalances, including elevated androgens, prolactin, and somatotropins.

Observation:

  • Analysis of a 40-year-old female skull fragment from a Meroitic cemetery in Sudanese Nubia (ca. 300 A.D.) revealed distinct features of HFI.
  • The observed cranial changes are consistent with the diagnostic criteria for Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome.
  • This represents the earliest documented case of HFI in archaeological records.

Findings:

  • The Meroitic skull fragment provides the earliest evidence of hyperostosis frontalis interna.
  • The presence of HFI in this ancient individual suggests the condition has a long history, predating modern civilization.
  • The findings support the long-standing association of HFI with metabolic and endocrine disorders.

Implications:

  • This discovery extends the known timeline of hyperostosis frontalis interna and Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome into antiquity.
  • It highlights the importance of paleopathological studies in understanding the historical prevalence of diseases.
  • Further research can explore the potential genetic or environmental factors contributing to HFI across different historical populations.