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Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses
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Factor substitution in Swiss manufacturing: empirical evidence using micro panel data.

Sebastian M Deininger1, Lukas Mohler2, Daniel Mueller3

  • 1Basel Chamber of Commerce, St. Jakobs-Strasse 25, Basel, 4010 Switzerland.

Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics
|November 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Manufacturing firms show factor substitutability, but energy and capital are complements for energy-intensive companies. Higher energy prices reduce capital use, highlighting policy implications for energy costs.

Keywords:
ComplementarityLinear logitMicro panel dataSubstitution elasticitiesSwiss manufacturingTranslog

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Area of Science:

  • Economics
  • Industrial Organization
  • Energy Economics

Background:

  • Understanding factor substitutability is crucial for firm-level production decisions.
  • Energy intensity significantly impacts the relationship between production factors.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the complementarity between energy and capital in energy-intensive manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between factor substitutability and energy intensity in manufacturing firms.
  • To compare the substitutability of capital, labor, energy, and material across firms with varying energy cost shares.
  • To investigate the specific interaction between energy and capital in energy-intensive firms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a panel dataset of Swiss manufacturing companies from 1997 to 2008.
  • Employed econometric analysis to estimate factor substitutability.
  • Segmented firms into low, medium, and high energy cost share groups for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Found significant substitutability between most production factors (capital, labor, material).
  • Identified a complementary relationship between energy and capital for energy-intensive firms.
  • Quantified that a 1% increase in energy prices leads to a 0.09% decrease in capital use for these firms.

Conclusions:

  • The complementarity between energy and capital increases with a firm's energy intensity.
  • Findings suggest that energy-intensive firms may face unique challenges in adjusting capital investment in response to energy price changes.
  • Results have important policy implications for energy taxation, investment incentives, and industrial competitiveness.