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Can intrinsic foraging efficiency explain dominance status? A test with functional response experiments.

Alexandra Hartley¹, Adrian M Shrader^1,2, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes^3,4

¹School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scotsville, 3209, South Africa.

|November 17, 2018

Summary

Individual foraging efficiency varies, impacting ecological processes. In social species like goats, superior foragers are often heavier and dominant, with foraging traits linked more to social status than body weight.

Keywords:

Competition Goat Hierarchy Inter-individual variability Interference

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Animal Behavior
Behavioral Ecology

Background:

The functional response links food availability to individual intake rates, influencing ecological dynamics.
In social species, dominance can affect foraging, but individual differences in functional response remain unclear, especially without interference.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate intrinsic individual differences in functional response.
To determine if functional response variations predict body weight and dominance in social species.

Main Methods:

Foraging experiments were conducted with goats in an interference-free setting.
Individual functional response parameters were assessed to quantify foraging efficiency.

Main Results:

Consistent individual differences in foraging efficiency were observed in goats.
Heavier and dominant individuals were more likely to be superior foragers.
Functional response parameters correlated more strongly with dominance status than body weight.

Conclusions:

Intrinsic differences in foraging efficiency can explain body weight variations between dominant and subordinate individuals.
Interference during foraging is not essential to explain these weight differences.
Enhanced foraging efficiency may contribute to tenacity in social competition.