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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Connective Tissues01:17

Functions of Connective Tissues

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Connective tissues perform a broad range of functions in the body. Their primary function is to connect and link different tissues in the body and act as packaging material between tissues. The areolar tissue, a connective tissue prototype, commonly cements various tissue types in diverse body organs. In contrast, adipose tissue cushions internal organs while insulating the body from heat loss.
Hard connective tissues, such as bones and cartilage, provide structure and support to the body.
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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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Introduction to Connective Tissues01:11

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Connective tissues are one of the four main tissue types in humans that are extensively present in the body. They are characterized by cells embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of a ground substance and three main types of protein fibers— collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. The ground substance of connective tissues can range from a watery and jelly-like consistency to mineralized and hard. The wide variety of cells in the connective tissues include fibroblasts,...
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Classification of Connective Tissues01:30

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The connective tissues have different properties and functions in the human body. They are broadly categorized into proper, supporting, or fluid connective tissues.
Connective Tissue Proper
Connective tissue proper is the most abundant class of connective tissues. As its name implies, it predominantly connects different tissues in the body. Depending on the cell types, ground substance, viscosity, and fiber types in the ECM, connective tissue proper is further categorized into loose and dense....
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Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

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During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
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Dense Connective Tissue01:13

Dense Connective Tissue

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Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than loose connective tissue. As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue— regular and irregular.
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Visual search task immediate training effects on task-related functional connectivity.

Elisenda Bueichekú1, César Ávila2, Anna Miró-Padilla2

  • 1Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat, s/n, E-12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain. bueichek@uji.es.

Brain Imaging and Behavior
|November 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Learning to perform a visual search task reshapes brain connectivity, enhancing both local and distant neural connections. Individuals with greater connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed faster task performance post-training.

Keywords:
AttentionCognitive trainingFunctional connectivityFunctional magnetic resonance imagingGraph-theoryVisual search task

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Brain plasticity enables lifelong learning and adaptation through synaptic modification and altered brain activity.
  • Learning and training can induce significant, large-scale changes in brain connectivity.
  • Previous work demonstrated significant improvement in visual search task response speed after training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate immediate brain changes in functional connectivity following visual search task training.
  • To explore individual differences in learning through brain-behavior correlations.
  • To understand large-scale dynamic readjustment of brain connectivity after learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized task-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data.
  • Employed graph-based approaches to analyze functional brain connections.
  • Correlated brain connectivity changes with behavioral improvements in visual search performance.

Main Results:

  • Trained individuals exhibited changes in regional connections within visual processing and information integration areas.
  • Significant modifications were observed in distributed connections linking visual areas to attentional and cognitive control regions.
  • Enhanced connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex correlated with faster post-training task performance.

Conclusions:

  • Visual search task training induces both local and large-scale functional brain connectivity changes.
  • Dynamic readjustment of brain networks supports learning and task-specific skill acquisition.
  • Individual differences in brain connectivity, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, predict learning-related behavioral improvements.