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Related Concept Videos

Social Proof00:52

Social Proof

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Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
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People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
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Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making
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SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS ON ABDOMINAL ORGANS.

Ai A Kurygin, V V Semenov

    Vestnik Khirurgii Imeni I. I. Grekova
    |November 17, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Simultaneous surgeries for complex abdominal conditions offer significant economic benefits. These combined procedures reduce healthcare costs through streamlined care, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery.

    Area of Science:

    • Surgical Oncology
    • Gastrointestinal Surgery
    • Abdominal Surgery

    Background:

    • Combined surgical diseases often require staged treatment, increasing healthcare costs and patient recovery time.
    • Simultaneous operations offer a potential alternative for managing multiple abdominal pathologies concurrently.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the economic efficacy of simultaneous major (gastric/large intestine resections) and moderate-volume (cholecystectomy, hernia repair) abdominal surgeries.
    • To compare the cost-effectiveness of single-stage simultaneous operations versus staged two-step treatments.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 107 cases involving simultaneous major and moderate-volume abdominal surgeries.
    • Development of formulas to assess economic benefits in paid medical service and medical insurance systems.

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    Main Results:

    • Simultaneous operations demonstrated high economic efficacy compared to staged treatments.
    • Cost savings were attributed to single pre-surgical evaluations, anesthesia management, reduced medication, and shorter hospitalization/disability periods.
    • Economic benefits were quantified: 40,766 rubles for large operations and 25,382 rubles for moderate interventions in paid systems.

    Conclusions:

    • Simultaneous surgical interventions are economically advantageous for managing combined abdominal conditions.
    • The streamlined approach leads to substantial cost reductions and improved resource utilization in healthcare systems.
    • Formulas were proposed for calculating economic efficacy in different healthcare payment models.