Tabernaemontana catharinensis leaves exhibit topical anti-inflammatory activity without causing toxicity

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Dermatology
• Phytochemistry

Background:

• Tabernaemontana catharinensis, known as snake skin, is traditionally used for skin disorders.
• Empirical use suggests anti-inflammatory properties, but scientific validation is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the topical anti-inflammatory effect of T. catharinensis crude extract (TcE).
• To evaluate the preliminary toxicity profile of TcE.

Main Methods:

• Irritant contact dermatitis models in mice were used.
• Evaluated ear thickness, inflammatory cell infiltration (MPO activity, histology), and cytokine levels.
• Phytochemical analysis by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS and preliminary toxicological assessment were performed.

Main Results:

• TcE (10 µg/ear) significantly inhibited edema and MPO activity induced by various irritants (cinnamaldehyde, capsaicin, arachidonic acid, phenol, croton oil).
• TcE reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and levels of MIP-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α.
• The extract's anti-inflammatory effects are potentially due to indole alkaloids, terpenes, and phenolic compounds; therapeutic dose was found safe.

Conclusions:

• TcE exhibits significant topical anti-inflammatory effects.
• The findings support the traditional use of T. catharinensis for inflammatory conditions.
• TcE represents a promising candidate for treating inflammatory diseases.