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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Hydrogel as an alternative structure for food packaging systems.

Rejane Andrade Batista1, Paula Judith Perez Espitia2, Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans3

  • 1Tiradentes University, Northeast Biotechnology Network (PGP - RENORBIO) - Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|November 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Hydrogels, or 3D hydrophilic polymer networks, show promise in food packaging by controlling humidity and providing antimicrobial properties. Further research could lead to intelligent packaging and flavor carrier systems.

Keywords:
Active food packagingBiopolymerHydrogelSwellingWater absorption

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science and Technology
  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrogels are 3D hydrophilic polymer networks formed by physical or chemical cross-linking.
  • They possess unique properties making them suitable for various food-related applications.
  • Current research explores their potential in food packaging and as bioactive carriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental nature, properties, and conformation of hydrogels.
  • To explore the potential applications of hydrogels in food packaging systems.
  • To discuss the integration of hydrogels into advanced food technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on hydrogel properties and applications.
  • Analysis of hydrogel network structures and their functional characteristics.
  • Exploration of nanoparticle incorporation for enhanced functionalities.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogels can regulate humidity in packaging for high-moisture foods.
  • Incorporating nanoparticles can impart antimicrobial activity to hydrogels.
  • Promising results indicate potential for intelligent packaging and direct food matrix integration.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogels offer innovative solutions for food packaging, including humidity control and antimicrobial functions.
  • Nanoparticle-enhanced hydrogels present opportunities for advanced food preservation.
  • Further research is needed to fully realize the potential of hydrogels in intelligent food packaging and as flavor carriers.