Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Controlled Cervical Laceration Injury in Mice
Published on: May 9, 2013
Physiologic Cervical Alignment Change Between Whole Spine Radiographs and Normal Standing Cervical Radiographs
Ho Jin Lee1, Jung Hee Kim2, Il Sup Kim3
1Department of Neurosurgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Background:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiologic change of cervical spine (CS) alignment between 2 radiographs (whole spine [WS] and CS).
Methods:
Multilevel cervical segmental angles (horizontal gaze, C2 slope, C7 slope, and T1 slope) were measured, and C0-2 angle, C0-7 angle, and C2-7 angle were also calculated. The relative translation statuses of C2-7 sagittal vertical axis and C0-7 sagittal vertical axis were measured.
Results:
Generally, statistically significant differences were found for occipital-slope (Δ7.1°) and C7 slope (Δ2.1°), and these results induced a significant C0-2 angle (Δ4.6°) and nonsignificant C2-7 angle (Δ1.2°) change between the 2 types of radiographs. In the fixed horizontal gaze group analysis, C7 slope and C2-7 angle were significantly different between WS and CS radiographs. In the nonfixed horizontal gaze group analysis, C7 slope exhibited significant upward movement (Δ3.7°), and C7 slope did not showed significant change (Δ0.1°), which caused the constant value of cervical lordosis (C2-7 angle) between the 2 radiographs (P = 0.084).
Conclusions:
Horizontal gaze fixation may induce untruthful results of cervical lordosis (C2-7 angle) and a nonphysiologic distribution ratio of cervical lordosis (C0-2 angle, 92% vs. C2-7 angle, 8%). However, if the horizontal gaze is not controlled, WS radiographs exhibit a constant value of the C7 slope compared with CS radiographs, which may induce the unchanged state of cervical lordosis and physiologic distribution ratio of cervical lordosis (C0-2 angle, 74% vs. C2-7 angle, 26%).
Related Concept Videos
Standing Waves
Modes of Standing Waves - I
Modes of Standing Waves: II
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end....
Standing Waves in a Cavity
Standing Electromagnetic Waves
Suppose a sheet of a perfect conductor is placed in the yz-plane, and a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave traveling in the...
Normal Stress
When a rod is under axial loading, the internal forces and corresponding stress are normal to the plane of the section, so it is termed normal stress. It's important to...

