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Soluble AXL is ubiquitously present in malignant serous effusions
Karine Flem Karlsen1, Erin McFadden2, Vivi Ann Flørenes2
1Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Gynecologic Oncology
|November 19, 2018
Summary
Soluble AXL (sAXL) is prevalent in malignant effusions, especially ovarian and breast cancers. While sAXL levels decrease after chemotherapy, they do not predict treatment response or patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Diagnostics
Background:
- Soluble AXL (sAXL) is a biomarker implicated in various cancers.
- Its role in serosal surface malignancies, particularly ovarian carcinoma, requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of sAXL in malignant effusions.
- To specifically analyze sAXL in ovarian carcinoma and compare it with other cancer types.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify sAXL protein in 572 effusion supernatants.
- Specimens included peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial effusions from cancer patients and benign conditions.
Main Results:
- sAXL was significantly overexpressed in peritoneal effusions compared to pleural and pericardial specimens.
- Elevated sAXL levels were observed in ovarian carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, and breast carcinoma.
- sAXL was higher in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) than low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) and decreased post-chemotherapy in HGSC.
Conclusions:
- sAXL is widely expressed in malignant effusions, notably in ovarian and breast carcinomas and malignant mesothelioma.
- sAXL is overexpressed in HGSC versus LGSC and its levels decrease after chemotherapy.
- sAXL levels do not correlate with chemoresponse or patient survival in these malignancies.
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