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Fundamentals of fetal toxicity relevant to sevoflurane exposures during pregnancy

Dongdong Chai1, Yanyong Cheng1, Hong Jiang1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|November 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

General anesthetics like sevoflurane may harm fetal brain development. This review details how fetal exposure can lead to neurodevelopmental issues through oxidative stress and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Toxicology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Medical advances have increased pediatric exposure to general anesthetics.
  • General anesthetics may pose neurotoxic risks to developing brains.
  • Fetal exposure to sevoflurane during pregnancy is a growing concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential neurotoxicity of fetal exposure to sevoflurane.
  • To elucidate the pathological mechanisms involved in fetal sevoflurane neurotoxicity.
  • To highlight the need for understanding long-term effects of fetal anesthetic exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on sevoflurane and fetal neurodevelopment.
  • Analysis of pathological pathways associated with fetal anesthetic exposure.
  • Examination of proposed molecular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Fetal exposure to sevoflurane during the second trimester can cause neurodevelopmental impairment.
  • Pathology includes oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuroapoptosis, and altered synaptic properties.
  • Potential mechanisms involve tau protein phosphorylation and abnormal methylation.

Conclusions:

  • Sevoflurane exposure in fetuses can lead to significant neurotoxicity.
  • Understanding these risks is crucial for maternal and fetal health.
  • Further research is needed to fully comprehend the long-term consequences.

Keywords:
Abnormal methylationEmbryonicOxidative stress neuroapoptosis neuroinflammation alteration of synaptic properties increased tau proteinPregnancySevoflurane

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