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A niche for ecosystem multifunctionality in global change research.

Darren P Giling1,2,3, Léa Beaumelle1,2, Helen R P Phillips1,2

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Ecologists are studying ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) under global change. Future research needs to test mechanisms driving EMF responses for better predictions.

Keywords:
anthropogenic stressorsbiodiversitybiotic mechanismsecosystem functionecosystem multifunctionalityecosystem servicesglobal changephysicochemical mechanisms

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Global Change Biology

Background:

  • Human modification of ecosystems necessitates understanding global change impacts on ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF).
  • Current EMF metrics in global change studies often lack clear links to underlying mechanisms or ecosystem services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the field of EMF in global change research.
  • To provide a conceptual framework for effectively incorporating EMF into global change studies.
  • To emphasize the need for hypothesis-driven research on EMF responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current EMF research in global change.
  • Development of a conceptual framework for EMF research.
  • Emphasis on identifying biotic and abiotic mechanisms influencing EMF.

Main Results:

  • EMF research is rapidly expanding but requires more mechanistic understanding.
  • Correlations among single functions are crucial for understanding shifts in EMF.
  • Biodiversity's role is recognized, but other biotic and physicochemical mechanisms need more empirical support.

Conclusions:

  • Future EMF research must be hypothesis-driven, testing multiple mechanisms.
  • Assessing covariation among functions is key to understanding emergent EMF.
  • Explicit links between measured functions and ecosystem services are needed for predictive understanding.