Update on osteoporosis in men.

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Geriatrics
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Osteoporosis in men is frequently overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment after fractures.
• Older men have a substantial lifetime risk (13-25%) of osteoporotic fractures, a risk expected to rise with increased longevity.
• Current management faces challenges due to under-appreciation of the condition and patient/physician barriers to treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment of osteoporosis in men.
• To highlight emerging strategies for targeted bone density testing in men.
• To discuss the efficacy and safety of osteoporosis treatments in the male population.

Main Methods:

• Review of current epidemiological data on male osteoporosis.
• Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to bone loss in men.
• Evaluation of diagnostic criteria and emerging testing strategies.
• Assessment of treatment options, including pharmacotherapy.

Main Results:

• Men with low trauma fractures are less likely to receive appropriate evaluation and treatment.
• Observational studies offer insights for targeted bone density testing in high-risk men.
• Established osteoporosis medications are generally safe and effective for men.

Conclusions:

• Male osteoporosis requires greater clinical attention and proactive management strategies.
• Targeted screening and timely intervention are crucial for reducing fracture burden in aging men.
• Overcoming treatment barriers is essential for effective long-term management of male osteoporosis.