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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.5K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

130.8K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
130.8K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

49.1K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
49.1K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.2K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.2K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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PM2.5 Particle Detection in a Microfluidic Device by Using Ionic Current Sensing.

Taisuke Shimada1,2, Hirotoshi Yasaki1,2, Takao Yasui1,2,3

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University.

Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new method using microfluidic ionic current sensing to analyze fine particulate matter (PM2.5). This technique measures both the number concentration and size of PM2.5 particles, improving air quality analysis.

Keywords:
PM2.5bridge circuitionic current sensingmicroporesize analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Particulate matter (PM2.5) poses significant health risks.
  • Accurate measurement of PM2.5 number concentration and size is crucial for environmental monitoring.
  • Existing methods for PM2.5 analysis have limitations in simultaneously determining particle size and concentration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel method for analyzing PM2.5 particles.
  • To enable simultaneous measurement of PM2.5 number concentration and particle size.
  • To overcome limitations of current PM2.5 detection techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidic-based ionic current sensing.
  • Incorporated a bridge circuit for enhanced sensitivity and background current suppression.
  • Developed a system for detecting and analyzing PM2.5 particles based on ionic current changes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a PM2.5 analysis method using ionic current sensing.
  • The bridge circuit effectively suppressed background noise, allowing detection of small particles.
  • The method enabled simultaneous analysis of PM2.5 particle number concentration and size distribution.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first demonstration of PM2.5 detection via ionic current sensing.
  • The developed microfluidic-based method offers a promising approach for advanced air quality monitoring.
  • The technique provides valuable insights into PM2.5 characteristics, aiding environmental and health studies.