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Clinical features of posterior microphthalmic and nanophthalmic eyes

Jing-Jing Liu1, Yi-Ye Chen1, Xiang Zhang1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.

International Journal of Ophthalmology
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study differentiates nanophthalmos (NO) and posterior microphthalmos (PM), finding papillomacular folds (PMF) more common in PM. Nanophthalmos eyes showed higher complication rates, including angle closure glaucoma and retinal detachment.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Nanophthalmos (NO) and posterior microphthalmos (PM) are distinct ocular conditions.
  • Understanding their differences and associated pathologies is crucial for effective management.
  • Papillomacular folds (PMF) are a notable feature in some microphthalmic eyes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clinically differentiate nanophthalmos (NO) and posterior microphthalmos (PM).
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of papillomacular folds (PMF).
  • To identify specific complications associated with each condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 34 patients (54 eyes) with microphthalmos.
  • Analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.
  • Comparison of clinical presentation and outcomes between NO and PM cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Seven patients (14 eyes) with both NO and PM were analyzed.
  • NO patients presented at a significantly older age (27±16y) than PM patients (3.7±0.6y).
  • Papillomacular folds (PMF) were present in 100% of PM eyes versus 25% of NO eyes. Rudimentary fovea without a pit was observed in NO eyes without PMF.
  • Nanophthalmos eyes had a higher incidence of angle closure glaucoma and exudative retinal detachment.

Conclusions:

  • Posterior segment changes are common in both PM and NO.
  • Complications like angle closure glaucoma and exudative retinal detachment are more characteristic of nanophthalmos.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis suggests papillomacular folds (PMF) involve inner retinal layers.
Keywords:
nanophthalmosnon-rhegmatogenous retinal detachmentoptical coherence tomographypapillomacular foldsposterior microphthalmosrudimentary fovea

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