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Maintaining rare blood programs requires careful inventory management. A modest amount of frozen blood, combined with increased donor screening, is essential for ensuring patient access to rare blood types.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rare blood programs are crucial for patients with complex serologies.
  • These programs involve donor screening, rare donor registries, and frozen blood storage.
  • Frozen blood is significantly more costly than liquid blood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the threshold for rare blood types necessitating frozen inventory.
  • To establish required donor screening rates for effective rare blood programs.
  • To analyze the impact of inventory levels on patient access to rare blood.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase analytical approach was utilized.
  • A simulation model evaluated inventory impact on patient access.
  • Twenty-nine simulation scenarios assessed patient access against inventory levels.

Main Results:

  • For 27 of 29 phenotypes, insufficient donors were identified for stable inventory.
  • Phenotypes rarer than 1 in 3000 require some frozen inventory.
  • Excessive frozen inventory (more than two units of O-, O+, A-, A+) did not enhance patient access.

Conclusions:

  • Some frozen blood inventory is necessary for rare blood types.
  • Large frozen blood inventories do not improve patient access.
  • Optimal patient access is achieved through modest frozen inventory and enhanced donor screening.