Construction of MoS₂/C Hierarchical Tubular Heterostructures for High-Performance Sodium Ion Batteries

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has been considered to be a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs), because of its high capacity and graphene-like layered structure. However, irreversible conversion reaction during the sodiation/desodiation process is a major problem that must be overcome before its practical applications. In this work, MoS₂/amorphous carbon (C) microtubes (MTs) composed of heterostructured MoS₂/C nanosheets have been developed via a simple template method. The existence of MoS₂/C heterointerface plays a key role in achieving high and stable performance by stabilizing the reaction products Mo and sulfide phases, providing fast electronic and Na⁺ ions diffusion mobility, and alleviating the volume change. MoS₂/C MTs exhibit a high reversible specific capacity of 563.5 mA h g^-1 at 0.2 A g^-1, good rate performance (520.5, 489.4, 452.9, 425.1, and 401.3 mA h g^-1 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 A g^-1, respectively), and excellent cycling stability (484.9 mA h g^-1 at 2.0 A g^-1 after 1500 cycles).