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Metabarcoding successfully tracks temporal changes in eukaryotic communities in coastal sediments.

I S Salonen1,2, P-M Chronopoulou1,2, E Leskinen1,3

  • 1Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, Helsinki FI-00790, Finland.

FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|November 20, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Temporal changes in Baltic Sea sediment eukaryotes are mainly driven by seasonal environmental shifts, not local variations. This highlights the impact of climate change on coastal ecosystems and supports metabarcoding for biomonitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Ecology
  • Molecular Ecology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Metabarcoding, combining high-throughput DNA sequencing and DNA-based identification, has been used for spatial variation studies in marine sediments.
  • Temporal changes in marine sediment eukaryotic communities remain understudied.
  • Understanding these temporal dynamics is crucial for assessing ecosystem stability and response to climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal changes of eukaryote communities in Baltic Sea surface sediments.
  • To determine the primary drivers (seasonal vs. spatial) of temporal variation in these communities.
  • To assess the role of environmental conditions and climate change in shaping coastal sediment ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of Baltic Sea surface sediment samples from two coastal localities over three seasons across two consecutive years.
  • Application of metabarcoding with high-throughput DNA sequencing for eukaryotic community identification.
  • Analysis of temporal and spatial variation in eukaryotic community structure in relation to environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Eukaryotic community structure in sediments was primarily influenced by annual and seasonal environmental changes.
  • Spatial variation was a less significant factor in explaining temporal community variance.
  • Annual and seasonal environmental shifts, rather than local conditions, were identified as the main drivers of ecosystem structure.

Conclusions:

  • Coastal eukaryotic sediment ecosystems are predominantly shaped by large-scale environmental changes, including regional climate shifts.
  • Further research on temporal changes is essential for understanding long-term ecosystem stability and climate change impacts.
  • Metabarcoding offers a comprehensive alternative to traditional monitoring approaches for environmental biomonitoring.