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Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

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Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Homicidal Paraquat Poisoning.

Fan Chen1, Yi Ye1, Bo Jin2

  • 1Department of Forensic Toxicological Analysis, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case report details a rare instance of homicidal paraquat poisoning, highlighting the diagnostic challenges. Early consideration of paraquat poisoning is crucial for patients with unexplained respiratory distress.

Keywords:
forensic scienceforensic toxicologyhomicideparaquatparaquat distributionpoisoning

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Clinical Toxicology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Paraquat poisoning is typically associated with suicide, occupational, or accidental exposures.
  • Homicidal poisoning by paraquat is exceptionally rare, posing diagnostic difficulties for clinicians and forensic pathologists.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old male presented with symptoms initially misdiagnosed as pulmonary infection and scrotal dermatitis.
  • The patient died 24 days after exposure, which involved ingestion of paraquat-mixed medicine and dermal contact via paraquat-soaked underwear.
  • Postmortem analysis using UPLC-MS/MS detected paraquat in multiple organs, with the highest concentration in the lungs.

Findings:

  • Paraquat concentrations in postmortem specimens: lung (0.49 μg/g), brain (0.32 μg/g), kidney (0.24 μg/g), liver (0.20 μg/g), cardiac blood (0.11 μg/mL), and stomach wall (
  • The case underscores the difficulty in identifying homicidal paraquat poisoning without a clear exposure history.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider paraquat poisoning in patients with rapidly worsening pneumonia of unknown origin.
  • Forensic investigations must be thorough to detect paraquat in cases of suspected homicide, especially with atypical presentations.
  • This case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness of paraquat's toxicity and diverse routes of exposure in forensic toxicology.