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Quantitative Measurement of the Immune Response and Sleep in Drosophila
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Low and medium frequency auditory steady-state responses decrease during NREM sleep.

Urszula Górska1, Marek Binder2

  • 1Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low and medium frequency auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) show sensitivity to loss of consciousness during NREM sleep. These auditory measures can help differentiate states of altered consciousness.

Keywords:
Auditory steady-state responseEEGLoss of consciousnessNREM sleep

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Sleep Research

Background:

  • Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) at 40 Hz are sensitive to arousal levels during sleep and anesthesia.
  • Previous research primarily focused on higher frequencies, leaving the state-sensitivity of lower and medium frequencies unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the susceptibility of low and medium frequency ASSRs (4, 6, 8, 12, 20, 40 Hz) to the loss of consciousness during NREM sleep stages (N2 and N3).
  • To examine changes in both the power and phase domains of ASSRs during NREM sleep compared to wakefulness.

Main Methods:

  • ASSRs were recorded using various stimulation frequencies (4-40 Hz) during wakefulness and NREM sleep.
  • Relative power (RP) and inter-trial phase coherence (PC) were analyzed to assess ASSR changes.
  • Statistical analysis involved non-parametric suprathreshold cluster tests to identify significant differences between states.

Main Results:

  • Relative power of ASSRs decreased in NREM sleep for 4, 6, 20, and 40 Hz stimulation, with the most significant change at 40 Hz.
  • This power decrease was specific to ASSRs and not observed under no-stimulation conditions.
  • Phase coherence of ASSRs decreased during NREM sleep for all frequencies except 12 Hz.

Conclusions:

  • Low and medium frequency ASSRs are state-sensitive and susceptible to the loss of consciousness in NREM sleep.
  • Observed decreases in power and phase coherence may be linked to cortical down states or thalamic inhibition.
  • These findings support the potential use of low- and medium-frequency ASSRs for discriminating between states of altered consciousness.