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Related Concept Videos

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential;...
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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Bacteriophage-based biomaterials for tissue regeneration.

Binrui Cao1, Yan Li1, Tao Yang2

  • 1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|November 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Filamentous bacteriophages (phages) are versatile nanostructures for tissue regeneration. Their unique properties enable directed stem cell differentiation for repairing bone, nerves, cartilage, skin, and heart tissues.

Keywords:
NanofibersPhageStem cellsTissue regeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Bacteriophages (phages) are human-safe, bacteria-specific viruses.
  • Filamentous phages possess unique nanofiber-like morphology and self-assembly capabilities.
  • Phages serve as platforms for displaying signaling peptides and directing stem cell differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress of phage-based strategies in tissue regeneration.
  • To explore the potential of filamentous phages in regenerative medicine.
  • To discuss future directions in phage-based tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on phage applications in tissue regeneration.
  • Analysis of filamentous phage properties relevant to tissue engineering.
  • Synthesis of current advancements and future prospects.

Main Results:

  • Filamentous phages can be error-free produced and self-assemble into ordered scaffolds.
  • Phages can be engineered to display signaling peptides for targeted cellular responses.
  • Successful applications demonstrated in regenerating bone, nerve, cartilage, skin, and heart tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Filamentous phages offer a promising platform for diverse tissue regeneration applications.
  • Their unique nanofiber structure and peptide display capabilities are key to their efficacy.
  • Further research into phage-based biomaterials will advance regenerative medicine.