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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
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Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
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Concepts of Health and Illness01:29

Concepts of Health and Illness

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Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
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Dimensions of Health and Illness01:21

Dimensions of Health and Illness

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The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes
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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Impact of Mechanical Ventilation on Diaphragm Function and Patient Outcomes

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Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in critical illness.

Yung-Yang Liu1,2, Li-Fu Li3,4

  • 11 Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.

Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
|November 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical ventilation can harm the diaphragm, causing ventilator-induced diaphragmatic damage (VIDD). Understanding VIDD mechanisms is crucial for improving patient recovery and reducing healthcare costs.

Keywords:
Acute lung injuryendotoxemiamitochondrianuclear factor-κBtoll-like receptor 4ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Muscle Biology

Background:

  • Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential for acute respiratory failure but can lead to ventilator-induced diaphragmatic damage (VIDD).
  • VIDD impairs diaphragm muscle function, increasing extubation failure, ICU length of stay, mortality, and healthcare costs.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms driving VIDD, including atrophy, oxidative stress, and structural damage, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying ventilator-induced diaphragmatic damage (VIDD).
  • To explore the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in VIDD pathogenesis.
  • To inform the development of improved mechanical ventilation strategies, rehabilitation programs, and pharmacologic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on reviewing and synthesizing existing research on VIDD mechanisms.
  • Key areas of investigation include muscle atrophy, oxidative stress, structural damage, and fiber remodeling.
  • Emphasis is placed on understanding mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress pathways.

Main Results:

  • VIDD is a multistep process involving significant diaphragm muscle impairment.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress are identified as critical contributors to VIDD.
  • Current understanding of VIDD's molecular underpinnings remains incomplete.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into the molecular mechanisms of VIDD is essential.
  • A comprehensive understanding of VIDD is needed to optimize mechanical ventilation and patient outcomes.
  • Developing targeted therapies based on elucidated mechanisms holds promise for clinical benefits.