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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Association of Anxiety and Depression in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sergio Garbarino1,2, Wayne A Bardwell3, Ottavia Guglielmi1
1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal/Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Abstract:
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with mental disorders, but the strength of this association is unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the association among OSA, depression, and anxiety in adults and to quantitatively summarize the results. Methods: A literature search in Medline, PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted. Seventy-three articles were selected for study. Results: The pooled prevalence of depressive and anxious symptoms in OSA patients was 35% (95% CI, 28-41%) and 32% (95% CI, 22-42%), respectively. Conclusions: The association between OSA, anxiety, and depression indicates the value of an early diagnosis and personalized treatment of OSA to improve mental disorders conditioning compliance to therapy. These conditions share a probably bidirectional relationship.
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