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Congenital Zika syndrome phenotype in a child born in Brazil in December 2011

Katia E F A Coelho1, Grasiele L C C Silva2, Suely F Pinho2

  • 1Genetics Department Hospital Sarah Salvador Salvador Bahia Brazil.

Clinical Case Reports
|November 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) was observed in a 2011 Brazilian child, suggesting Zika virus (ZIKV) circulation predates the recognized outbreak. Clinicians should consider ZIKV in infants with CZS phenotypes, even without confirmed exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Brazil gained significant attention later than initially suspected.
  • Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is a spectrum of birth defects associated with ZIKV infection during pregnancy.

Observation:

  • A case of a Brazilian child born in 2011 exhibiting the congenital Zika syndrome phenotype is presented.
  • This observation predates the widely recognized ZIKV outbreak in Brazil.

Findings:

  • The findings suggest that ZIKV may have been circulating in Brazil for at least four years prior to the major outbreak.
  • The presence of CZS phenotype in an infant indicates potential ZIKV exposure, regardless of documented viral circulation.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering ZIKV infection in the differential diagnosis of congenital abnormalities, even in regions or time periods without confirmed ZIKV circulation.
  • Early ZIKV circulation has significant implications for understanding the virus's epidemiology and the timeline of congenital infections.
  • Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for ZIKV in infants presenting with neurological and developmental abnormalities consistent with CZS.

Keywords:
Zika viruscongenital Zika syndromedenguefetal brain disruption sequenceisochromosome Xmicrocephaly

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