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Related Concept Videos

Pain01:20

Pain

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram
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[Pain in old age].

Thomas Hubert Cegla1, Johannes Horlemann2

  • 1Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal - Schmerzklinik, Im Saalscheid 5, 42369, Wuppertal, Deutschland. Thomas.Cegla@dgschmerzmedizin.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
|November 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Chronic pain management in older adults requires a focus on quality of life, not just pain absence. Addressing multimorbidity and dementia-related pain necessitates interdisciplinary collaboration and tailored therapeutic approaches.

Keywords:
Chronic painHealth careInterdisciplinarityMultimorbidityPolypharmacy

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Pain Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic pain prevalence escalates with age, compounded by multimorbidity and increased risk of disease-related pain.
  • Managing pain in older adults presents significant care challenges, particularly due to multimorbidity and polypharmacy.
  • Effective physician-patient communication regarding pain is crucial but inadequately reimbursed in current healthcare models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in pain management for the aging population.
  • To emphasize the need for a quality-of-life-centered approach to geriatric pain.
  • To address the specific difficulties in recognizing and treating pain in patients with dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current challenges in geriatric pain care.
  • Discussion of pharmacological considerations, including age-related metabolic changes and drug interactions.
  • Emphasis on non-pharmacological interventions like physical activity and behavioral therapies.

Main Results:

  • Pain in dementia patients is frequently underdiagnosed, requiring structured interviews and caregiver input.
  • Pharmacological pain management must prioritize preventing iatrogenic risks and adjusting for altered metabolism in the elderly.
  • Physical activity and behavioral therapies are effective components of multimodal pain management.

Conclusions:

  • A shift towards prioritizing quality of life over complete pain elimination is essential for older adults.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration between pain medicine specialists and geriatricians is vital for optimal patient outcomes.
  • Integrated care models are needed to support comprehensive pain management in the aging population.