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Venous thromboembolism risk factors in a pediatric trauma population

Louis A Carrillo1, Akshita Kumar2, Matthew T Harting2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 5230, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Louis.a.carrillo@uth.tmc.edu.

Pediatric Surgery International
|November 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric trauma patients rarely experience venous thromboembolism (VTE). Central venous catheter (CVC) placement is the strongest risk factor for VTE, especially in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Trauma Care
  • Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Research
  • Patient Risk Stratification

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis guidelines are evolving for pediatric trauma patients.
  • Understanding specific risk factors is crucial for targeted VTE prevention strategies in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate risk factors associated with VTE in pediatric trauma patients.
  • To inform patient selection for VTE prophylaxis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of a tertiary children's academic hospital's trauma database.
  • Analysis of VTE events and associated risk factors in pediatric trauma patients from 2005 to 2016.

Main Results:

  • A total of 15,306 pediatric trauma patients were reviewed; 20 (0.3%) developed VTE.
  • The highest VTE incidence was observed in children under 2 years old (0.7%).
  • Central venous catheter (CVC) placement was identified as the strongest predictor of VTE, particularly in younger age groups.

Conclusions:

  • VTE is rare in pediatric trauma patients, potentially less common than previously thought.
  • CVC placement is the primary risk factor for VTE in this cohort, especially in infants and toddlers.
  • Identifying high-risk pediatric trauma patients is essential for optimizing VTE screening and prophylaxis while minimizing anticoagulation risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anticoagulation prophylaxisCVCCentral venous catheterPICCPediatric traumaPeripherally inserted central catheterThrombusTraumaVTEVenous thromboembolism

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