Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Primary Retinal Müller Cells from Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats
Published on: June 17, 2025
LY294002, a PI3K pathway inhibitor, prevents leptin-induced adverse effects on spermatozoa in Sprague-Dawley rats
Amir Hafidz Md Mokhtar1, Ifrah Alam Malik1, Noor Azean Anis Abd Aziz1
1Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract:
This study examined the effects of PI3K and AMPK signalling pathway inhibitors on leptin-induced adverse effects on rat spermatozoa. Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 14-16 weeks, were randomised into control, leptin-, leptin + dorsomorphin (AMPK inhibitor)-, and leptin+LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor)-treated groups with six rats per group. Leptin was given once daily for 14 days via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route at a dose of 60 ug kg-1 body weight. Rats in the leptin and inhibitor-treated groups received concurrently either dorsomorphin (5 mg kg-1 day-1 ) or LY294002 (1.2 mg kg-1 day-1 ) i.p. for 14 days. Controls received 0.1 ml of normal saline. Upon completion, sperm count, sperm morphology, seminiferous tubular epithelial height (STEH), seminiferous tubular diameter (STD), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and phospho-Akt/total Akt ratio were estimated. Data were analysed using ANOVA. Sperm count, STEH and STD were significantly lower, while the percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology and the level of 8-OHdG were significantly higher in rats treated with leptin and leptin + dorsomorphin when compared to those in controls and LY294002-treated rats. Testicular phospho-Akt/total Akt ratio was significantly higher in leptin and leptin + LY294002-treated rats. In conclusion, LY294002 prevents leptin-induced changes in rat sperm parameters, suggesting the potential role of the PI3K signalling pathway in the adverse effects of leptin on sperm parameters.
Related Concept Videos
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects
Unlike...
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
C4 Pathway and CAM
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...

