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Evaluating Azoxystrobin Seed Coating Against Maize Late Wilt Disease Using a Sensitive qPCR-Based Method.

Ofir Degani1, Daniel Movshowitz1, Shlomit Dor1

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Seed coating with azoxystrobin effectively controlled Harpophora maydis, a maize fungal pathogen, in resistant varieties. This treatment reduced pathogen DNA and improved plant growth, though it did not protect sensitive maize hybrids.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Agricultural Science
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Harpophora maydis causes late wilt, a severe vascular disease in maize.
  • Current control relies on resistant maize varieties.
  • Effective disease management strategies are crucial for maize production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of azoxystrobin seed coating against Harpophora maydis.
  • To develop and validate a qPCR method for pathogen detection.
  • To assess the impact of seed coating on maize growth and yield.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo trials were conducted to test azoxystrobin seed coating.
  • A real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed for sensitive pathogen DNA detection.
  • Maize cultivars with varying disease resistance were used in field experiments.

Main Results:

  • The qPCR method accurately detected H. maydis DNA in seeds, sprouts, and plant tissues.
  • Azoxystrobin seed coating significantly reduced pathogen DNA in early growth stages.
  • In resistant cultivar 32D99, seed coating increased cob and plant weight by 39% and 60%, respectively.
  • The treatment failed to protect sensitive cultivar Prelude during severe wilting.

Conclusions:

  • Azoxystrobin seed coating shows promise for managing H. maydis in resistant maize.
  • The developed qPCR method is a valuable tool for early pathogen detection and disease monitoring.
  • Further research is needed to optimize fungicide application and assess field efficacy.