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A Comparison of Various Cervical Muscle Strength Testing Methods Using a Handheld Dynamometer.

David A Krause1, Kelsey A Hansen2, Matthew J Hastreiter2

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

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|November 21, 2018
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This study found that the lying push test using handheld dynamometry (HHD) is a reliable and sensitive method for assessing cervical muscle strength, crucial for concussion risk assessment.

Keywords:
muscle strength dynamometerneck musclesreproducibility of results

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cervical muscle strength is a modifiable risk factor for concussions.
  • Accurate assessment of cervical muscle strength is essential for concussion prevention and management.
  • Handheld dynamometry (HHD) offers a practical approach to measuring cervical muscle strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the reliability and force outputs of three distinct HHD methods for assessing cervical muscle strength.
  • To identify the most reliable and sensitive HHD testing method for cervical muscles.

Main Methods:

  • A convenience sample of 30 participants was recruited.
  • Three HHD "make test" methods were employed: lying push, sitting push, and sitting pull tests.
  • Tests were repeated across two sessions one week apart, with analysis including ICCs and MDC calculations.

Main Results:

  • All three HHD methods demonstrated high reliability (ICC range: 0.89-0.95).
  • The lying push test exhibited the highest reliability and the most sensitive minimal detectable change (MDC).
  • Significant differences in force outputs were observed between the testing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The lying push test using HHD is a reliable and sensitive method for assessing cervical muscle strength.
  • Consistent use of standardized testing methods, like the lying push test, is recommended for accurate cervical strength assessment.
  • This method supports clinical application for monitoring changes in cervical muscle strength, particularly in concussion management.