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Effect of phototherapy on oxidant/antioxidant status: a randomized controlled trial

Rania A El-Farrash1, Mohammed S El-Shimy1, Sameh Tawfik2

  • 1a Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.

Free Radical Research
|November 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Blue light-emitting diodes (LED) phototherapy is the safest for treating neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, showing the best oxidant/antioxidant balance. This study compared LED, intensive, and conventional phototherapy effects on neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Biochemistry
  • Phototherapy Research

Background:

  • Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition requiring treatment.
  • Phototherapy is a standard treatment, but its effects on oxidant/antioxidant status require further investigation.
  • Different phototherapy modalities may have varying impacts on neonatal physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of conventional, intensive, and blue light-emitting diodes (LED) phototherapy on oxidant/antioxidant status in neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia.
  • To compare the safety and efficacy of different phototherapy types regarding biochemical markers.

Main Methods:

  • An interventional randomized controlled trial involving 120 neonates (≥35 weeks gestational age) with indirect hyperbilirubinemia.
  • Neonates were divided into three groups: conventional phototherapy, intensive phototherapy, and LED phototherapy.
  • Measurements included total serum bilirubin (TSB), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) before and after treatment.

Main Results:

  • All phototherapy types reduced TSB, with intensive and LED phototherapy showing significantly greater reductions than conventional therapy.
  • TAC levels decreased across all groups post-phototherapy.
  • MDA and NO levels increased post-phototherapy, with LED therapy exhibiting the lowest increase, suggesting reduced oxidative stress.
  • Copper, zinc, and iron levels increased in all groups.
  • LED phototherapy demonstrated the most favorable oxidant/antioxidant profile.

Conclusions:

  • Different phototherapy methods impact the oxidant/antioxidant balance in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
  • Phototherapy is associated with increased oxidative stress markers.
  • Blue light-emitting diodes (LED) phototherapy appears to be the safest option, offering the best oxidant/antioxidant balance among the studied methods.

Keywords:
DNA damagelipid peroxidationpreterm neonatesprotein oxidationtotal antioxidant capacity

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