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Gender differences in homocysteine concentrations, a population-based cross-sectional study

E Cohen1, I Margalit2, T Shochat3

  • 1Department of Medicine F - Recanati, Rabin Medical Center -Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|November 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Men have higher plasma homocysteine levels than women, a risk factor for atherosclerosis. This study investigated gender differences in homocysteine concentrations and their association with cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Elevated homocysteine is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
  • Understanding gender-specific differences in homocysteine levels is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential gender disparities in plasma homocysteine concentrations.
  • To determine if higher homocysteine levels in men contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 9237 men and 4353 women from Israeli screening data (2000-2014).
  • Comparison of mean homocysteine levels, prevalence of high homocysteine (>15 μmol/L), and associated risk factors between genders.
  • Statistical adjustment for age, smoking, BMI, diabetes, kidney function, and vitamin B12/folate levels.

Main Results:

  • Men exhibited significantly higher average homocysteine concentrations (12.6 μmol/L) than women (9.6 μmol/L).
  • Prevalence of high homocysteine (>15 μmol/L) was substantially greater in men (15.5%) versus women (3.9%).
  • Men had a significantly higher odds ratio for elevated homocysteine, even after adjusting for multiple risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma homocysteine concentrations are demonstrably higher in men compared to women.
  • These gender differences in homocysteine may play a role in the differing rates of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease development between sexes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseFolateGenderHomocysteineVitamin B12

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