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Defining Early-Onset Colon and Rectal Cancers.
Daniel Jacobs1, Rebecca Zhu1, Jiajun Luo2
1Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Frontiers in Oncology
|November 22, 2018
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising in younger adults, with distinct age groups affected by colon versus rectal cancers. Research should differentiate these early-onset cancers rather than treating them as a single entity.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing among younger populations.
- The specific age demographics and clinicopathological features of early-onset CRC require further definition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify cohorts of patients with early-onset colon and rectal cancers.
- To define the clinicopathological characteristics of these early-onset cancers.
- To compare trends in colon and rectal cancer incidence between different time periods.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program database.
- Compared clinicopathological data of colon and rectal cancers diagnosed between 1973-1995 and 1995-2014.
- Analyzed incidence trends, tumor locations, histology, and racial demographics.
Main Results:
- Identified 430,886 colorectal cancer patients.
- Colon cancer incidence rose in those aged 20-44 years; rectal cancer incidence rose in those aged ≤54 years.
- Rectal cancer incidence increased by 41.5%, significantly more than colon cancer's 9.8% increase. Incidence patterns varied by race and tumor location. Adenocarcinoma histology increased, but mucinous and signet ring cell subtypes did not.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences exist between early-onset colon (20-44 years) and rectal cancers (≤54 years).
- Study provides evidence-based criteria for future research inclusion.
- Recommends against investigating early-onset colon and rectal cancers as a single entity in future research.
Keywords:
SEER programcolon cancercolorectal cancerearly-onset colorectal cancerepidemiologyrectal cancertumor pathologyMore Related Videos
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