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MicroRNAs in the diagnosis and prevention of drug-induced cardiotoxicity

Mikuláš Skála1,2, Barbora Hanousková3, Lenka Skálová3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Archives of Toxicology
|November 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity can be monitored using microRNAs (miRNAs). This review explores how drug-induced cardiotoxicity affects miRNA levels and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug-induced cardiotoxicity poses a significant clinical challenge.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in cellular responses to xenobiotics.
  • Emerging evidence links specific miRNAs to cardiotoxicity from drugs like anthracyclines and cyclosporine A.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review alterations in miRNA expression due to cardiotoxic drugs.
  • To evaluate circulating miRNAs as early biomarkers for cardiotoxicity.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in preventing or mitigating drug-induced cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating miRNA changes in response to cardiotoxic agents.
  • Analysis of research on circulating miRNAs as diagnostic markers.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies involving miRNA modulation (antagomiRs, miRNA mimics) and natural compounds.

Main Results:

  • Cardiotoxic drugs induce significant changes in cardiac miRNA expression.
  • Circulating miRNAs show promise as sensitive biomarkers for early cardiotoxicity detection.
  • miRNA-targeted therapies and natural compounds exhibit potential for cardioprotection.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are key players in drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues.
  • Further research into miRNA modulation could lead to improved patient outcomes in cardiotoxicity management.
Keywords:
BiomarkersCardiotoxicityCirculating microRNADoxorubicin

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