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Helicobacter pylori prevalence and risk factors among children with celiac disease
Roxana Maxim1, Alina Pleşa1, Carol Stanciu2
1Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
Insights
Helicobacter pylori infection in children with celiac disease (CD) was associated with milder intestinal damage. Risk factors included single-parent households, poor sanitation, low income, and parental gastritis history.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- The association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and celiac disease (CD) is debated.
- This study investigated H. pylori prevalence and risk factors in children with CD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children diagnosed with celiac disease.
- To identify risk factors associated with H. pylori infection in this pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 70 children with CD was studied.
- Interviews collected data on age, gender, and environmental factors.
- Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of H. pylori infection.
Main Results:
- H. pylori infection was present in 32.8% of children with CD.
- Infection was linked to milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II) compared to H. pylori-negative cases.
- Independent risk factors included single-parent families, lack of sanitation, low income, and parental gastritis.
Conclusions:
- H. pylori infection in children with celiac disease may be associated with less severe villous atrophy.
- Environmental and socioeconomic factors significantly predict H. pylori infection in pediatric CD patients.
Background/Aims:
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori and celiac disease (CD) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for H. pylori infection among children diagnosed with CD.
Materials And Methods:
This study included 70 patients diagnosed with CD at a tertiary referral center in Romania. Age, gender, and indicators of environmental conditions were evaluated via interviews with the children's caretakers. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors for H. pylori infection.
Results:
Of the 70 patients, 37 (52.9%) were females, and the mean age was 4.04±3.26 years. H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 23 (32.8%) patients, of whom 12 (52.1%) were females, and the mean age was 6.2±4.5 years. Of the total number of children with CD and H. pylori infection, 18 (78.2%) had milder forms of enteropathy (Marsh I-II), whereas the remaining 5 (21.7%) had villous atrophy compared to the other 47 (67.2%) patients who were negative for H. pylori-infection and showed more severe intestinal damage. The development of H. pylori infection was independently related to children with one parent only [odd ratio (OR), 9.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-62.89; p<0.001], living in houses without sanitary facilities (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.27-14.22; p=0.016), belonging to low-income families (OR, 8.52; 95% CI, 2.52-71.39; p=0.002), and of parents with a prior history of gastritis (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.49-14.50; p=0.004).
Conclusion:
Children with CD and H. pylori infection had milder forms of enteropathy compared to children who are negative for H. pylori, suggesting that H. pylori infection may confer some protection against the development of severe degrees of villous atrophy.
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