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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Related Experiment Video

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma: current knowledge and future needs.

Ian D Pavord1

  • 1Respiratory Medicine Unit and Oxford Respiratory NIHR BRC, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

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|November 22, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are used for severe asthma, but newer biological agents targeting eosinophils offer a safer alternative. These advanced treatments aim to reduce OCS reliance and improve patient outcomes in asthma management.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Airway diseases drive significant oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, leading to considerable morbidity.
  • The primary mechanism of OCS benefit in asthma may involve eosinophil depletion, reducing airway inflammation.
  • Current OCS use presents challenges due to associated adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current application of oral corticosteroids (OCS) in severe asthma management.
  • To explore OCS use as both a chronic therapy and for acute exacerbations.
  • To discuss alternative and emerging treatments for severe asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of OCS use in severe and acute asthma.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of OCS action, particularly eosinophil depletion.
  • Evaluation of anti-IL-5 biological agents as OCS-sparing strategies.

Main Results:

  • Oral corticosteroids are a cornerstone for severe and acute asthma, but linked to significant side effects.
  • Anti-IL-5 biological agents demonstrate efficacy in reducing OCS dependence.
  • Biomarker-directed use and understanding OCS response features can mitigate adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Biological agents targeting eosinophilic inflammation offer a safer, more specific alternative to OCS in asthma.
  • Future asthma treatment likely involves a shift towards these targeted biological therapies.
  • Optimizing OCS use through biomarker-directed strategies is crucial for current management.