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Highly sensitive displacement sensor based on composite interference established within a balloon-shaped bent

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    A novel optical fiber sensor uses a balloon-shaped bent multimode fiber structure to achieve high-accuracy displacement measurements. This composite interference sensor demonstrates excellent sensitivity for precise displacement sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optics Sensing
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Optical fiber sensors are crucial for precise measurements.
    • Single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structures offer sensing capabilities.
    • Enhancing the sensitivity and performance of SMS fiber sensors is an ongoing research area.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a novel optical fiber displacement sensor.
    • To improve the displacement sensing performance of SMS fiber structures.
    • To investigate a composite interference mechanism within a balloon-shaped bent multimode fiber.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a balloon-shaped bent multimode (BSBM) fiber structure by bending a straight SMS fiber using a capillary tube.
    • Experimental demonstration of the BSBM fiber sensor's performance.
    • Analysis of the composite interference generated by the fiber bend.

    Main Results:

    • The BSBM fiber structure effectively introduces a Mach-Zehnder interferometer within the multimode fiber section.
    • A maximum displacement sensitivity of 0.51 dB/μm was achieved over a 0-100 μm range.
    • The sensor operated at an optimal wavelength of 1564.7 nm.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed BSBM fiber sensor exhibits significantly improved displacement sensing performance compared to conventional SMS structures.
    • The sensor's design offers easy fabrication and low cost.
    • This sensor is a promising candidate for high-accuracy displacement measurement applications.