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Oncolytic virus therapy in Japan: progress in clinical trials and future perspectives

Satoru Taguchi1, Hiroshi Fukuhara1, Tomoki Todo2

  • 1Department of Urology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology
|November 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic virus therapy uses viruses to selectively destroy cancer cells. This review summarizes ongoing clinical trials in Japan, highlighting its potential as a major cancer treatment option.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Oncolytic virus therapy represents a novel approach to cancer treatment, employing engineered or natural viruses to target and eliminate malignant cells while sparing healthy ones.
  • Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), a herpes simplex virus type 1, received FDA approval in 2015 for unresectable melanoma, signaling progress in the field.
  • Several other oncolytic viruses, including Pexa-Vec, CG0070, and REOLYSIN, have advanced to Phase III trials, indicating broader therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical trials of oncolytic virus therapy in Japan, encompassing both completed and ongoing studies.
  • To provide an overview of various oncolytic viruses being investigated in the Japanese clinical setting.
  • To assess the future prospects of oncolytic virus therapy as a significant cancer treatment modality in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical trials on oncolytic virus therapy conducted or ongoing in Japan.
  • Summary of specific oncolytic viruses, including T-VEC, G47Δ, HF10, Telomelysin, Surv.m-CRA, and Sendai virus particle.
  • Analysis of the current status and future potential of these therapies.

Main Results:

  • Several oncolytic viruses are under active clinical investigation in Japan.
  • Specific examples include oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (T-VEC, G47Δ, HF10), oncolytic adenoviruses (Telomelysin, Surv.m-CRA), and Sendai virus particle.
  • The development and progression of these agents suggest a growing landscape for oncolytic virotherapy in Japan.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virus therapy is a rapidly advancing field with significant potential for cancer treatment.
  • Ongoing clinical trials in Japan are evaluating a diverse range of oncolytic viruses.
  • The continued development and investigation of these therapies may establish oncolytic virus therapy as a major treatment option for cancer in Japan in the near future.
Keywords:
G47ΔT-VECclinical trialoncolyticvirus therapy

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