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Acute high-altitude illness.

N D Jacobson1

  • 1Silas B. Hays Army Community Hospital, Fort Ord, California.

American Family Physician
|September 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute high-altitude illness, including AMS, HAPE, HACE, and retinal hemorrhage, is common above 8,000 ft. Gradual ascent and acetazolamide aid prevention, while descent is the definitive treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Altitude Medicine
  • Environmental Physiology
  • Traveler's Health

Background:

  • Acute high-altitude illness occurs at elevations above 8,000 ft.
  • It is often misdiagnosed and more prevalent than commonly believed.
  • Forms include acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE), and retinal hemorrhage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the common forms of acute high-altitude illness.
  • To discuss their simultaneous occurrence and potential fatality.
  • To outline prevention and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of high-altitude illness.
  • Clinical description of illness presentations.
  • Summary of preventative and therapeutic measures.

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Main Results:

  • Acute high-altitude illnesses can occur together.
  • Severe cases can be fatal.
  • Gradual ascent and acetazolamide are effective preventatives for AMS and HAPE.

Conclusions:

  • Descent to lower altitude is the definitive treatment for all forms of high-altitude illness.
  • Awareness and preventative measures are crucial for high-altitude travelers.
  • Prompt recognition and management can prevent severe outcomes.