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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays
Published on: April 23, 2012
Mycotoxins Contaminant in Kelp: A Neglected Dietary Exposure Pathway
Yanshen Li1, Mingxue Sun2, Xin Mao3
1Marine Product Quality and Safety Inspection Key Laboratory in Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China. liyanshen@ytu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
In order to investigated current occurrence of major mycotoxins in dietary kelp in Shandong Province in Northern China, a reliable, sensitive, and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of the 7 most frequent mycotoxins, including 3-acetoxy deoxynivalenol (3AcDON), 15-acetoxy deoxynivalenol (15AcDON), Deoxynivalenol (DON), Fusarenon-X (F-X), Nivalenol (NIV), T-2 toxin (T-2), and Zearalenone (ZEA). Based on optimized pretreatment and chromatographic and mass spectrometry conditions, these target analytes could be monitored with mean recoveries from 72.59~107.34%, with intra⁻day RSD < 9.21%, inter⁻day RSD < 9.09%, LOD < 5.55 μg kg-1, and LOQ < 18.5 μg kg-1. Approximately 43 kelp samples were detected, 3AcDON/15AcDON ranged from 15.3 to 162.5 μg kg-1 with positive rate of 86% in Shandong Province in Northern China. Considering there were no related investigations about mycotoxin contamination in kelp, the high contamination rate of 3AcDON/15AcDON in kelp showed a neglected mycotoxin exposure pathway, which might lead to high dietary exposure risk to consumers.
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