EGFET-Based Sensors for Bioanalytical Applications: A Review

Area of Science:

• Bioanalytical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Electrical Engineering

Background:

• Semiconductor biosensors have been developed since the 1970s, offering advantages like high sensitivity, rapid response, miniaturization, and cost-effective manufacturing.
• Commercial biosensors are crucial in medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, and military applications, driven by increasing health and safety concerns and new regulations.
• Numerous devices monitor biological processes, including nucleic acid hybridization, protein interactions, and antigen-antibody binding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the state-of-the-art development of biosensors and chemosensors utilizing extended-gate field-effect transistors (EGFETs).
• To highlight recent research findings in bioanalytical applications of EGFET-based sensors.
• To compare diverse EGFET devices, focusing on materials and fabrication technologies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research on EGFET biosensors and chemosensors.
• Analysis and comparison of different EGFET device architectures and materials.
• Focus on bioanalytical applications and performance characteristics.

Main Results:

• EGFETs represent a significant advancement in miniaturized chemical sensing since the 1980s.
• Recent research shows diverse materials and technologies being employed in EGFET biosensor development.
• The review provides a comparative overview of various EGFET devices for bioanalytical tasks.

Conclusions:

• EGFET-based biosensors and chemosensors are a rapidly evolving field with significant potential in bioanalytical applications.
• Continued research into materials and device design is crucial for optimizing EGFET sensor performance.
• These sensors are vital for addressing growing demands in healthcare, environmental, and food safety monitoring.