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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
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Rapid Release Protocol Optimizes Product Utilization Compared With Massive Transfusion Protocol in Selected Patients.

Shreya Jammula1, Jo Ann Miller1, Chet A Morrison1

  • 1Trauma Services, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|November 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementing a Rapid Release (RR) protocol for massive transfusion did not decrease blood product wastage. Instead, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) wastage increased, indicating a need to refine transfusion protocols for better efficiency.

Keywords:
Blood productMTPMassive transfusionWastage

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) are crucial for managing exsanguinating hemorrhage but are often activated inappropriately, leading to blood product wastage.
  • Overactivation of MTPs can result in overtransfusion and inefficient use of limited blood resources.
  • A new Rapid Release (RR) protocol was introduced to potentially reserve MTPs for more critical cases and reduce wastage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of implementing the Rapid Release (RR) protocol on blood product wastage.
  • To determine if the RR protocol reserves MTPs for patients with more severe hemorrhage.
  • To compare blood product utilization and wastage before and after RR implementation in trauma and nontrauma populations.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of all MTP activations 1.5 years before and 1.5 years after RR implementation.
  • Comparison of MTP (6 units packed red blood cells [pRBCs], 6 units fresh frozen plasma [FFP], 6 units platelets) with RR (4 units pRBCs, 1 unit FFP) resource utilization.
  • Statistical analysis of transfusion rates and wastage, with P <= 0.05 considered significant.

Main Results:

  • A total of 109 MTP activations were analyzed (48 pre-RR, 61 post-RR), with 69 RR activations in the post-RR period.
  • 14.5% of RR activations were eventually upgraded to MTP.
  • FFP wastage significantly increased post-RR (3.46 ± 4.29) compared to pre-RR (0.65 ± 1.78; P < 0.001), with no difference between trauma and nontrauma groups.

Conclusions:

  • Contrary to the hypothesis, the RR protocol led to increased mean FFP wastage per activation.
  • The RR protocol did not effectively reduce overall blood product wastage.
  • Further research is needed to refine MTPs and improve transfusion efficiency in critical care settings.