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Peritoneal Tuberculosis in Infants: Diagnostic Challenges

Ndeye Aby Ndoye1,2, Papa Alassane Mbaye1,2, Jacques Noel Tendeng3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery of Medecine, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports
|November 23, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Abdominal tuberculosis is rare in infants. This study highlights two infant cases of peritoneal tuberculosis, emphasizing diagnosis and successful treatment with anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Abdominal tuberculosis is uncommon in immunocompetent infants, presenting diagnostic challenges.
  • Peritoneal tuberculosis can mimic other pediatric surgical emergencies like intussusception.

Observation:

  • Two infants (6 and 8 months) presented with symptoms suggestive of intussusception, leading to exploratory laparotomy.
  • Intraoperative findings in the first infant revealed characteristic peritoneal tuberculosis lesions with granulations.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed peritoneal tuberculosis in both infants.
  • The first infant had a positive Tuberculin intradermal reaction (IDRt) and positive tuberculous culture.
  • The second infant had negative IDRt and GeneXpert tests, underscoring the need for histopathology.

Implications:

  • This case series emphasizes the importance of considering abdominal tuberculosis in infants with unclear abdominal pathologies.
  • Prompt diagnosis and initiation of tuberculostatic therapy led to favorable outcomes in both cases.
  • Highlights the diagnostic utility of histopathology even with negative microbiological or rapid tests.

Keywords:
acute abdomeninfantlaparotomyperitoneal tuberculosis

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